No 2(21) (2022)

This article analyzes the statistics of the main gearboxes VR-14, repaired at the facilities of JSC "UZGA" (Ural works of civil aviation) and prematurely decommissioned due to the destruction of the bearings of a number of intermediate gears. Studies of the durability of these bearings and the factors affecting it have been carried out in order to determine possible methods for ensuring the reliability of separate bearings and the required resource of the whole main gearbox VR-14.

Based on the results of the study, recommendations are given for optimizing the geometry of the bearing rollers, which will provide the bearings with the required level of reliability and, as a result, improve the quality of repair of the main gearbox VR-14.

In this work, the authors review the solutions aimed at improving traditional aircraft. The aircraft electrification is considered in detail as the most promising way for the aircraft development at the current level of technology. The aircraft electrification as a whole is considered as a complex, including the electrification of various aircraft systems. The electrification of the aircraft control surfaces drives, the electrification of the on-ground taxi system, the electrification of the aircraft engine accessories and the electrification of the aircraft engine start system are considered. Based on the analysis of an all-electric aircraft and a more electric aircraft concepts, a key technology for future aircraft is selected and its implementation is considered.

The paper is devoted to the description of monitoring forest fires using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). The article discusses and analyzes a way of monitoring forest fires using UAVs. Different types of UAVs and their usage in fighting forest fires were considered. The effectiveness of applying tiltrotor with vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) scheme is mentioned. The advantages of using UAVs for monitoring forest fires are revealed.

In this work, a quantitative analysis of the main physical properties of relative bright long-periodic comet
C/2017 K2 PANSTARRS is shown. For this, the article presents a review of the basic concepts of the
celestial bodies photometry. A detailed analytical solution is presented for the spherical nucleus radius of
a comet with use of the photometric method. Special attention is paid to the difficulty of determining
the radius for a given comet using the photometric method, due to the exceptionally early activity of
its nucleus on its approach to the Sun. Using the model of a multicomponent spherical nucleus and the
optical-geometric method for determining the average mass density of the comet nucleus, the intervals
of possible values for the average mass density, mass and porosity of the nucleus are represented. It is
shown that Comet C/2017 K2 PANSTARRS has a massive nucleus, which is above average in size and
density, while having a sufficiently high porosity. The calculations are made for mass losses of the comet
nucleus, changes in its radius during one rotation period with use of the improved Whipple model. The
remaining number of revolutions around the Sun and the life time are also determined. Numerical analysis
is performed on the example of a monocomponent nucleus of water ice. It has been demonstrated that
the numerical values for the mass loss of the nucleus of comet C/2017 K2 PANSTARRS and changes in
its radius are higher than those of other long-period comets. It is due to large the size of the nucleus
and the presence of a large amount of water ice on its surface.

The present study deals with the microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis which is a natural source of the carotenoid astaxanthin. For future use of H. pluvialis as a source of astaxanthin in biotechnology, it is necessary to identify the conditions for its most successful cultivation for the accumulation of biomass.

During the experiment we observed H.  pluvialis on the 4^th,9^th,26^th,33^rd days and after 10 months of cultivation to see how it turns from the inactive hemimonad to the active monad stage.

A fairly active transition to the monad stage of H. pluvialis was obtained on the 33^rd day in the BBM-1 medium.

In this work, a mathematical model of a scalable robotic system for modeling complex surfaces for dynamic testing is obtained, and its suitability for use in real tests is proved using the example of a pre-created three-dimensional model of the Stuart platform in the Solid-Works environment. A program code has been implemented to determine the rotation angles and set a specific location of the movable platform in space using the MathLab environment. SolidWorks Motion was used to demonstrate the change in the position in space of Stewart's movable platform, the technical characteristics of the prototype, such as the mass of the movable platform and the magnitude of the torque of the servos, were determined.

This paper examines the aspect of the U.S.-Iranian confrontation associated with the activities of pro-Iranian groups in the Middle East. Such organizations include Lebanese Hezbollah, Palestinian Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Iraqi Popular Mobilization Forces, in particular the Kataib Hezbollah group, and Yemen's Ansar Allah, also known as the Houthis. The study reveals a clear pattern: the closer a group is to Iran and the more important a partner Tehran is to it, the harsher Washington's attitude toward it. The range of U.S. actions varies from direct military strikes to virtually ignoring the Iranian factor.

The article represents a perspective trend of historical research: the history of dissemination and popularization of historical knowledge; it contains an analysis of the historical stories published in the magazines of the first professional children's writer in Russia, A.O. Ishimova, in the 1840-1860s. In the study, the author examines the content of the first Russian children's magazines Zvezdochka and Luchi, and reveals the prerequisites for the emergence of such a phenomenon as historical stories on the pages of periodicals for children. She identifies the key features of magazines for children and preteens, distinguishes differences in the style of narration for young readers, and draws conclusions about the sociocultural significance of the historical education of children for society as a whole.

Yulia A. Shapurma[1], Victoria V. Levchenko[2]

In this article we examine the educational ability of museum objects like a form of information repositories and their input to the sociocultural competence development. Nowadays the interest in Museums and Museum pedagogy is high enough. Museum education considered to be, one of the most progressive direction of the modern educational system. It’s necessary to notice that the transmission of knowledge, of people’s experience that they’ve collected through the ages through the museums’ collections is valuable and certain. That is because the education and the museum both are social institutions, which play important role in the system of spiritual values.

[1] Yulia A. Shapurma (iouliasa@gmail.com ) 1^st postgraduate student of Samara National Research University,  443011, 1 Academic Pavlov Str., Samara, Russia

[2] Victoria V. Levchenko (levchenko_v2004@mail.ru) scientific advisor, Head of the department of “Foreign languages and Professional communication” Doctor of Pedagogy, Professor

443011, 1 Academic Pavlov Str., Samara, Russia

The heroes of the novels “The Picture of Dorian Gray” by O. Wilde and “The Great Gatsby” by F. S. Fitzgerald personify the epoch in which they live. They are united by a common conflict, but their polarity can be explained by the choice of ways to solve it. Dorian Gray and Jay Gatsby are people who sought to know what was beyond their capabilities. They attempted to rebel against the established foundations, but were defeated. Using their example, the writers showed how destructive the experience of a dream colliding with reality can be. Gray and Gatsby are defeated in the struggle with reality. They are initially doomed: the desire for eternal youth turns into Dorian’s mental anguish, and the dream of returning his beloved turns into a tragedy for Jay.

The article presents the results of a study that made it possible to formulate the definition and definition of the functions and features of the development of the arts, the definition of the main genres and the definition of street art coverage on local television. The author speaks to such researchers of festival art as S.N. Krylov, D. Golynko-Walfson, E.I. Reznikova and others. He is especially attentive to the genre palette of street art coverage: reportage, talk show, tour. Attention is focused on how the broadcasting grid of radio broadcasting is changing and what place street art lighting takes in the broadcasting grid. The work also changes the legitimacy of covering street art in the media.       

Purpose: The article examines the functional features of one of the "artistic personalities" in the poetics of B. Bera – antiquity.

Methods: The article uses intertext and semiotic analyses, as well as methodological ideas of M. L. Gasparov, T. A. Bakumenko, V. P. Shestakov.

Results: In the process of analysis, it is found that the presence of ancient motifs and plots in B. Ber's poetics is associated with the poet's building of an artistic "world of shadows", designed to return a person from the external world, false, to the inner world, with harmony and atmosphere of the originals reigning in it. Thus, in the poem "From Anacreon", the external reality becomes "unfreedom", and the lyrical hero B. Bera, following Anacreon, goes into himself and discovers a new, "different" freedom in antiquity and its word. In another poem ("Zoila"), B. Ber shows by the example of Zoila that a person who denies everything around him – his past, culture, the meaning of existence – actually denies himself, since he sees only a part of being and "throws logs into fragile creatures." Therefore, it is the business of the celestials to seek the meaning of life, not of man. The task of a person is to live inside the meaning. The search for an "idea" or "meaning" becomes the task of analyzing the poem "From Simonides", the idea of which is finding and understanding what happiness is. B. Behr names its three components, three "universals": health, beauty and wealth.

Conclusions: B. Behr turns to ancient motifs and plots in order to replace the historical reality with the "world of shadows". The functional of such substitution consists in a gradual transition from external to internal. So, if in the present, external world, everything turns out to be false and lifeless, then, plunging into the atmosphere of the originals, B. Behr proclaims antiquity as a real and harmonious universal. Also noteworthy is the fact that, as it was said earlier, being a "poet of the general background", B. Ber, who, in the words of A. A. Kondratiev, changed "a lot of artistic disguises", contributed to the fact that one of the cradles of Russian modernism was the antique, a word that switched the artist's interest from the outer world to the inner world.

The aim is to investigate the possibility of solving a discrete inverse spectral problem with a "frozen" argument with Neumann-type conditions
Methods - the finite difference method is used to construct a discrete analogue of a continuous problem, to obtain a solution, the theorems of the algebra of polynomials, the method of interpolation of functions by nodal values are used
Results - theorems on the possibility of restoring the potential of an operator by its spectrum in the degenerate and non-degenerate case are formulated, constructive algorithms for solving the inverse problem are developed
Conclusions - the paper investigates the possibility of solving a discrete inverse spectral problem with a "frozen" argument with Neumann-type conditions, considers degenerate and non-degenerate cases, proves uniqueness theorems and develops constructive algorithms for solving the inverse problem

In the article there have been offered a way to arrange balancing weights for variate the center of mass of spacecraft compartment that is alternative to the method of their arrangement nearby the point of centering line and housing surface intersection when a regular zone is fulfilled by on-board equipment that defies the need to notice a lot of dimensional restrictions. Some ways of alternative arrangement of balancing weights have been overviewed and recommendations for their using have been given. As the result, the problem has been turned into calculating the coordinates by the guide line basing method which was developed and verified in other articles.

The article is devoted to the pressing problem of studying the readiness of teachers to resolve conflicts that arise among students. The interest in this topic is due to a significant increase in conflict situations in which all participants in the educational process are involved. The article reveals the concept and structure of psychological-pedagogical readiness of teachers to mediate in conflicts. The results of diagnosing the level of psychological-pedagogical readiness of teachers to resolve conflicts among students are presented. It is shown that more than a third of the teachers surveyed have a low level of readiness to resolve conflict situations among adolescents. Based on the data obtained, it is concluded that it is necessary to increase the level of psychological-pedagogical readiness of teachers to resolve conflicts among students.

The article presents the result of psychological and pedagogical diagnostics of adolescents' attitude to a healthy lifestyle, which was carried out with the participation of adolescents of the Volga Region Construction and Energy College named after P. Machnev. The level of formation of their health culture is revealed. Considerable attention in this work is paid to the selection of tools to identify the level of formation of attitudes to a healthy lifestyle of adolescents.

When carrying out life tests of laser modules, one of the main tasks is to analyze the radiation beam profile to identify defects in dark lines and dark spots, which lead to a drop in the efficiency of the laser module and its further failure. According to GOST R ISO 13694-2010, two-dimensional matrices are used to measure the laser beam profile, the main requirement for which is the presence of more than 2500 pixels. Thus, the choice of matrix for measuring the beam profile is worth choosing CCD and CMOS sensors. In this work, we will choose the optimal type of matrix for measuring the radiation beam profile, based on the basic principles of the design of matrices.

The work is devoted to the problem of the development of artificial lung ventilation devices of a new generation. The paper gives a basic idea of the process of artificial lung ventilation, and also describes the process of operation of artificial lung ventilation devices. The article offers a solution for the accelerated creation of ventilators of domestic production in the form of a stand simulating the operation of a ventilator created on the basis of an Arduino controller and electropneumatic elements of Camozzi. During the work, the main attention is paid to the program that analyzes the operating modes of the ventilator and prevents possible overheating of the device. The designed printed circuit board allows various electropneumatic elements of the stand to function. High-quality calculation of all components of the stand implies minimizing the risk of lung damage due to configuration errors or technical problems. The main advantage of the assembled stand is its simple, affordable and reliable design.

The paper discusses the features of the value and meaning sphere of the leaders of a large enterprise; the values ​​and life-meaning orientations of managers and subordinates are clarified; the dependence of the level of meaningfulness of life on the position occupied by the employee is determined, the differences in intrapersonal value conflicts and intrapersonal vacuums of managers and subordinates of one enterprise are clarified.

The purpose of the research: to study the specifics of the value and meaning sphere of the leaders of a large enterprise.

In the course of the research, psychodiagnostic methods were used: “The test of meaning-life orientations” adapted by D.A. Leontiev; Methodology of Value-Orientational Group Unity (COE) (V.S. Ivashkin, V.V. Onufrieva); Questionnaire E.B. Fantalova "The level of the ratio of value and accessibility in various areas of life"; "The Interpersonal Diagnosis of Personality" by T. Leary.

We conducted a study within a large organization with formed values ​​and culture and found that:

- "meaningfulness of life" of managers (average - 117, high) is indeed higher than "meaningfulness of life" of subordinates (average - 111);

- the focus on the past of subordinates is the same as that of managers;

- the values ​​in the experimental and control groups are also similar, but for leaders a little more achievable;

- intrapersonal conflicts and intrapersonal vacuums also appear in similar areas, the only difference is leaders they value “freedom” a little more.

In general, it seems that subordinates are trying to equal their leaders and lag behind them as little as possible. For a subordinate, the leader is an example to strive for.

Within the framework of this work, the characteristics of a radio communication system made using SDR technology were obtained. Thanks to the data obtained, it becomes possible to assess the feasibility of using such a system for specific tasks. In addition, as a result of the study, it turned out that when using synchronization algorithms, the obtained results of the system noise immunity may not correspond to the theory. Based on the results obtained, the parameters of the frequency fine tuning algorithm were found, as well as the noise power, at which the noise immunity can be estimated according to the theory, as well as the parameters at which the noise immunity assessment is a more difficult task and requires additional research.

One of the most important tasks and socially significant roles of television is not only to create, but also to preserve and broadcast cultural values, to devote airtime to the popularization of high art. The presence of a music journalist allows an interested viewer to be aware of the process taking place in this area and receive professionally submitted information. This paper traces the implementation of the cultural and educational function of music television journalism in the modern media space: The article considers the influence of television as a social institution and cultural phenomenon on the formation of the socio-cultural environment, the current state of music television, the peculiarities of music journalism in the modern media space.

The article presents the results of studying the relationship between search queries (based on Google Trends) and sociological indices of consumer sentiment (Levada Center).

To build the model, data for the last 10 years (from 2012 to 2022) are used. The results of search queries on relevant topics are consistently summarized, a space of factors is formed and a multiple regression model is built. In the regression equation, the IPN acts as a dependent variable, and the factors generalizing search queries are independent.

Modeling results, strengths and weaknesses of using Big Data to solve sociological problems are discussed

The article discusses approaches to the definition of the term "video blog". The necessity of scientific study of the blogosphere and, in particular, video blogs is substantiated. Video bloggers, gaining more and more popularity among their subscribers, are becoming authoritative experts in various fields of life for many, The problem of the study lies in the contradiction between the growing popularity of video bloggers and very limited information about their influence on subscribers The key topic of the presented article is the results of an empirical sociological study devoted to the evaluation by subscribers of the most popular automotive video blogger of our country, Konstantin Zarutsky, its effects on subscribers ' attitude to driving a car

In this paper, a model of rational distribution of aircraft is formed, taking into account transit passenger flows. The object of the study is the air transportation system, which includes flights with intermediate landing (transit). The purpose of the work is to form a model of the rational distribution of aircraft, taking into account transit passenger flows. The model is implemented in two ways: using the MS Excel spreadsheet processor and the IBM ILOG OPL IDE software environment.

As a result of the work, the time characteristics and cost of flights were calculated and aircraft were distributed among flights in such a way as to ensure the minimum total cost of completing all transport operations.

In this article the problems questions about the functions and powers of the prosecutor at the stage of preliminary investigation are considered. The prosecutor is the guarantor of the rule of law at all stages of the criminal process, but it is at the stage of the preliminary investigation that he is most responsible for the quality of the judicial process. It is concluded that the prosecutor at this stage performs a supervisory function, which is a form of criminal prosecution. The statistics of the prosecutor's powers over the investigation and inquiry are given and analyzed.

The article is devoted to the development of proposals for improving the legal framework for combating crime in the field of housing and communal services through a deep analysis of the legislative technique in the construction of criminal law norms. The paper clarifies the need to introduce into the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation provisions on the criminal liability of management companies as legal entities, substantiates the need to apply Art. 159 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation when qualifying theft committed by guilty persons in the management company. A distinction is also made between competing offenses. Doctrinal and legislative problems are clarified in the construction of Art. 160 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the rationale for the application of Art. 201 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation when qualifying such acts by disclosing the corpus delicti.

The aim of the work is to develop an integrated approach to the definition of the emergency situation in outer space and a concept for the classification of contingencies. The methodological basis of the work consists of a set of general scientific and special methods of knowledge: empirical, analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, formal-legal, systemic-structural, comparative-legal, sociological and other conclusions: The current challenges of international space law called for an approach to regulating various aspects of activities. At the same time, there is currently a legal "vacuum" in the field of emergency management.Results: a concept for the approach to defining and classifying emergencies in outer space has been developed.

The article considers the corpus delicti provided for in Article 236 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The analysis of changes in the penal provision is carried out as well as their impact on the criminalization of the act. The current problems of law enforcement practice and delineation from a similar composition of an administrative offense are considered. Proposals are being formulated for improving the legislation.

The present paper refers to the current issues of space law. The author presents the basic concepts of international space law, analyzes the structure and sources of international space law; the author also applies to such issues as the legal status of outer space, the notion of a space object, the legal status of astronauts, regulating the commercial use of outer space, licensing and insuring the space activities, problems and threats in space. The goal of the article is the analysis of the most significant issues of international space law, which are of primary importance for developing international space law in Russia and abroad. The author pays particular attention to the legal status of outer space, space property, licensing the space activities, legal aspects of preventing the space threats and space militarization.

In this paper semantic and structural features of phonoiconic lexical units of the English language are considered. The research is based on the material of British folk tales included in the collections "English Fairy Tales" and "Folk-tales of the British Isles", compiled by the English writer Flora Annie Steel and the philologist James Riordan, respectively. The typology and semantics of phonoiconic words are analyzed, as well as the frequency of their occurrence in authentic fairy tale texts. In the material under analysis, 254 phonoiconic lexemes were registered (and 2269 examples of their usage), among which there are onomatopoeic words belonging to three functional groups: lexemes imitating sounds made by humans; lexemes imitating sounds made by animals, and lexemes imitating sounds produced by inanimate objects or when interacting with them, as well as sound-symbolic words that have phonaesthemes in their structure. The study was carried out using the following methods: the comparative and the descriptive methods, the method of quantitative analysis, and etymological analysis.

The article is devoted to the analysis of speech strategies and tactics in public speeches of British and American politicians. The authors analyse the empirical material and provide the information about the general and unique strategies and tactics. The successful usage of speech strategies and tactics contributes to the achievement of different political goals, such as conviction, manipulation of the public consciousness and the establishment of credibility among the citizens of these countries. The study reveals that the amalgamation strategy, the manipulative strategy and the strategy of self-presentation characterise each of the analysed speeches. However, it is stated that the speech of each politician also has a set of individual strategies, which make the speech unique.

The article deals with the lexical and grammatical transformations of the text in the translation of "The Tale of Igor's Campaign" due to morphological, grammatical and lexical differences between the Old Russian and modern Russian languages.

Purpose

The purpose of the article is to describe lexical and grammatical transformations in modern translations of The Tale of Igor's Campaign.

Methods

In our study, the following methods were used: the comparative historical method, the method of component and lexico-semantic analysis, and the method of structural-syntactic analysis.

Results

Mistakes and inaccuracies in the translation of the monument are identified, several translations are compared, the author's features of the translation are identified, the translated language units are analyzed in comparison with the text of the first edition of the monument. In conclusion, data are given on the frequency of occurrence of language transformations in translations into modern Russian.

Conclusion

Analysis of text transformations leads to the conclusion that the ideal translation of the monument still does not exist, however, the most reliable transcriptions, which take into account both the lexical and grammatical aspects of the language, are the translations of E. Ya. Grebneva and N. A. Zabolotsky.

The paper deals with structural and syntactic features of film titles. The research is based on the titles of films issued in Great Britain and the USA within the recent four decades. The data of the quantitative analysis are compared within the two decades of the previous century and the two recent decades. The conclusions are drawn as to the modern tendencies in creating film titles in English. One of the main tendencies is the use of a complex structure consisting of two components parted by a colon. The growing popularity of such a structure can be explained by extralinguistic factors. The popularity of prequels and sequels demands linguistic means which would help to refer the film to the series, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, would guide the viewer through the stream of information.

The article examines the semantic structure and features of the functioning of the metaphorical image of knitting in the Russian language. Knitting is considered as a concept-proposition – a logical model of a typical situation. In the course of the study, the elements of the propositional structure of knitting were identified and the dominant meanings of the image in question were determined – the creation of something and the connection, the plexus. The analysis of metaphorical contexts has shown that in the process of functioning, the components of the knitting image develop opposite meanings – constructive and destructive: unification – separation, obstacle – overcoming obstacles, acquisition of freedom of action – deprivation of independence, freedom of action, and others. The initial meaning of the connection, the plexus is transformed into both positive and negative characteristics of human activity and relationships.